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(kun-KER-ent THAYR-uh-pee) A treatment that is given at the same time as another. conditioned response (kun-DIH-shund reh-SPONTS) A type of learning in which repeated exposure to something may affect a persons behavior when they encounter an unrelated object, sound, or smell that occurred at the same time as the initial exposure. For example, a patient who always feels sick after chemotherapy in a hospital one received, which smells a certain way may be conditioned to feel sick when smelling the same odor in a different place. conditioned stimulus A situation in which one signal, or stimulus, is given just before another signal. After this happens several times, the first signal alone can cause the response that would usually need the second signal. condyloma (KON-dih-LOH-muh)

(SY-toh-PEE-nee-uh) A reduction in the number of blood cells. cytoplasm (SY-toh-PLA-zum) The fluid inside a cell but outside the cell's nucleus. Most chemical reactions in a cell take place in the cytoplasm. cytotoxic (SY-toh-TOK-sik) Cell-killing. cytotoxic chemotherapy (SY-toh-TOK-sik KEE-moh-THAYR-uh-pee) Anticancer drugs that kill cells, especially cancer cells. cytotoxic T cell (SY-toh-TOK-sik ... sel) A type of white blood cell that can directly destroy specific cells. T cells can be separated from other blood cells, grown in the laboratory, and then given to a patient to destroy tumor cells. Certain cytokines can also be given to a patient to help form cytotoxic T cells in the patient's body. Back to Top NCI ausgangstext onlyversion

* These regimens can be used as part of initial therapy for multiple myeloma, but they contain alkylating agents that damage stem cell DNA. Many authorities therefore recommend avoiding these combinations prior to possible stem cell collection and transplantation. Search the MMRF's Clinical Trials Monitor for trials testing new treatment regimens for myeloma. Search the MMRF Clinical Trial Matching Service for trials testing new treatment regimens for myeloma. high dose chemotherapy by main cell transfer the management of chemotherapy in the doses, which are frequently used higher conventional chemotherapy in treatment of myeloma. This types by chemotherapy , marked as high dose chemotherapy . Though more effective in killing myeloma cells , as conventional chemotherapy , high dose chemotherapy also normal haematinic airframes in the bone marrow. Because a person cannot survive without these blood-forming airframes, high dose chemotherapy is destroyed always expense-experienced in the connection with a stem cell transplant , which replaces these important cells. high dose chemotherapy with main cell transfer is used after a patient receives induction therapy ( conventional chemotherapy ) to reduce the tumor burden. It is often used in younger patients with a good prognosis. Depending on the type of cancer and other factors, some patients may receive one or more treatments of high dose chemotherapy , perhaps in connection with radiation therapy, over a period of several days. This combination of treatments is also referred to as a conditioning regimen . Because this regimen is more intensive , as conventional chemotherapy , it smaller frequently in patients over the age of 70, and may not be suitable for patients who have significantly impaired kidney function or performance status, or other coexisting conditions. Get more information about stem cell transplantation recovery therapy chemotherapy can than recovery therapy , that is, treatment for patients who have not responded to primary or subsequent therapy or who experience relapsed disease after an initial response to therapy. A number of regimens are currently used as salvage therapy or are being investigated for this use. If longer than 6 months has passed since a patient had initially responded to primary conventional therapy, the primary therapy can be repeated as salvage therapy following relapse. Various combination therapies are also used. Thalidomide, an oral agent, is also often used as salvage therapy for myeloma patients alone, or in combination with dexamethasone or melphalan and dexamethasone. Velcade (bortezomib), a proteasome inhibitor, is approved in the United States for use as monotherapy in myeloma patients who have received at least one prior therapy. It is also approved for use as monotherapy in the European Union for myeloma patients who have received at least one prior therapy and who have already undergone or are unsuitable for stem cell transplantation. Velcade is being evaluated in combination with a large number chemotherapy of the representatives than recovery therapy be applied applied . Examples of salvage regimens are listed in the table below.

* These regimens can be used as part of initial therapy for multiple myeloma, but they contain alkylating agents that damage stem cell DNA. Many authorities therefore recommend avoiding these combinations prior to possible stem cell collection and transplantation. Search the MMRF's Clinical Trials Monitor for trials testing new treatment regimens for myeloma. high dose chemotherapy marked by main cell transfer the management of chemotherapy in the doses, which are frequently used higher conventional chemotherapy in treatment of myeloma. This types by chemotherapy , as high dose chemotherapy . Though more effective in killing myeloma cells , when conventional chemotherapy , high dose chemotherapy also normal haematinic airframes in the bone marrow. Because a person cannot survive without these blood-forming airframes, high dose chemotherapy always expense-experienced in the connection destroyed with a

a mineral found in the teeth, which bones, and other body tissues. calcium carbonate A mineral taken primarily as a supplement to prevent osteoporosis. It is also being studied for cancer prevention. calcium gluconate (KAL-see-um GLOO-koh-nayt) The mineral calcium, combined with a form of the sugar glucose. It is used to prevent and treat bone loss. It is also being studied in the treatment of bone loss and nerve damage , which was caused past chemotherapy . calendula ointment (kuh-LEN-dyuh-luh OYNT-ment) A substance made from the flower of the marigold plant Calendula officinalis . Calendula-based skin products have been used to treat minor cuts, burns, and skin irritation. The products that are available in the United States may not contain the same amount or mixture of ingredients and may not be effective. Another product, Calendula ointment, is being studied in France in the prevention of dermatitis in patients having radiation therapy for breast cancer. The ointment being studied is not available in the United States.

a second type intravenous catheter, called an Infusa-Port or Portacath catheter, is placed under the skin and appears only as a bump on the chest. The advantage of this catheter is that its care is easier for patients because it only needs to be maintained by a nurse (called "flushing") once a month. However, it also has disadvantages. of device is used, an injection through the skin is required, and it is therefore not convenient to draw blood samples. These devices may also occasionally clot. If you need a catheter, discuss the pros and cons of the different types with your doctor. Your situation and personal preferences will be considered in making this decision. THE IMPORTANCE OF MAINTAINING THE DOSE AND program chemotherapy of the dose intensitiy is a print-out used to describe giving the highest possible doses of drug over a specific period of time, while maintaining acceptable side effects. This approach has been shown to be very effective in curing some cancers, including Hodgkin s lymphoma. Some studies have suggested that reducing the dose , or the deceleration of chemotherapy can reduce both important probability for a cure and long-term survival in some types of lymphomas. It is important that patients know that changing the regimen to reduce short-term side effects may actually be harmful in the long run. Some side effects may be unpleasant, but tolerable. Others may be serious but can often be anticipated and prevented. It is very that chemotherapy programs for greatest extent possible. Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation Bone marrow, the spongy material found inside our bones, contains immature, "stem" cells. Stem cells develop into three types of cellular elements found in the blood: red blood cells that deliver oxygen to all parts of the body and take away the waste product carbon dioxide; white blood cells that protect the body from infection; and platelets that help blood clot. When Hodgkin's lymphoma cells not totally destroyed by standard the doses chemotherapy the conversion will maintain (relapsed disease), it may still be possible to eliminate the cancer cells by using very high doses of chemotherapy . During this treatment, normal bone marrow is destroyed. A transplant of bone marrow or stem cells can then be used to restore healthy bone marrow. THE SOURCES OF BONE MARROW OR STEM CELLS A key to the success of a transplant is the availability of stem cells. There are two sources the main cells