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text larger spanish / Espa ol How is cancer of the colon or rectum treated? If you have cancer of the colon or rectum, your doctor will probably talk to you about various treatment options. Surgery to remove the tumor is usually the main treatment for colon and rectal cancer. chemotherapy (treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells) is often used when there is a risk that the colon or rectal cancer will come back. Radiotherapy (treatment with x-rays that kill cancer cells) may be used either before or after surgery for rectal cancer. Sometimes both radiotherapy form and chemotherapy are applied, after surgery . Return to top What is cancer staging? Doctors use a system that puts colon or rectal cancer into 1 of 4 stages. These stages are referred to as stage I, stage II, stage III and stage IV. The stage depends on how deep the cancer is in the wall of the colon or rectum and how much the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes (small structures in the body that produce and store cells that fight infection) or other organs. Stage I cancer is the earliest stage. Stage IV is the most advanced stage. The higher the cancer stage, the more the cancer has spread and the lower your chance for cure. Doctors also use staging to decide whether to use additional treatments (such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy ) to prevent the cancer from coming back after surgery. Return to top What does stage I cancer mean? Stage I cancer of the colon or rectum means that the tumor is only in the inner layer of your colon or rectum and has not spread further through the wall of your colon or rectum. Stage I cancer has a good chance of being cured. For this stage of colon or rectal cancer, the cure rate with surgery alone is high. chemotherapy and radiotherapy normally are not needed. Return to top What does stage II cancer mean?

may to reduce nausea and vomiting by blocking certain neurotransmitters in the brain. This drug is one component of a three-drug therapy that includes a 5-HT3 antagonist (e.g., ondansetron) and a corticosteroid (e.g., dexamethasone). It may cause constipation, diarrhea, fatigue, and headache. may be given either intravenously or by mouth (IV or orally) to control acute episodes of nausea and emesis occurring within 2448 hours chemotherapy of the management . This drug is not as effective in controlling delayed nausea and emesis. is given either intravenously or by mouth (IV or orally) to help control acute episodes of nausea and emesis occurring within 24 48 hours by chemotherapy management . It is not effective in controlling delayed nausea and emesis. Compazine is given either intravenously or by mouth (IV or orally) to help control delayed episodes of nausea and emesis occurring more than 48 to hours after chemotherapy management verbally be given . Reglan is a medication that is usually administered in pill form. It is used to help reduce nausea and emesis by moving food through the stomach faster.

stop board news type character & Alerts Print This Page Email a Friend Coping with Side effects of chemotherapy , pagination 1 become finished with side securities of chemotherapy chemotherapy is fast efficient medicine with efficient side effects. From the National Cancer Institute Because cancer cells may grow and divide more rapidly than normal cells, many anticancer drugs are made to kill growing cells. But certain normal, healthy cells also multiply , and chemotherapy can these airframes influence, also . This damage to normal cells causes side effects. The fast-growing, normal cells most likely to be affected are blood cells forming in the bone marrow and cells in the digestive tract (mouth, stomach, intestines, esophagus), reproductive system (sexual organs), and hair follicles. Some anticancer drugs may affect cells of vital organs, such as the heart, kidney, bladder, lungs, and nervous system.

monoclonal anti-bodies do not operate, by directing tumour specific antigens, thus enhancing the host's immune response to tumour cells to which the agent attaches itself. Examples are (Herceptin), , and (Rituxan or Mabthera). (Avastin) is a monoclonal antibody that does not directly attack tumor cells but instead blocks the formation of new tumor vessels. Hormonal therapy Several malignancies respond to hormonal therapy . Strictly speaking, this , are chemotherapy . Cancer arising from certain tissues, including the mammary and prostate glands, may be inhibited or stimulated by appropriate changes in hormone balance. (often ) can inhibit tumour growth or the associated (tissue swelling), and may cause regression of lymph node malignancies. Prostate cancer is often sensitive to , an agent that blocks the peripheral conversion of Breast cancer cells often highly express the and/or

mopp abv bleomycin (Blenoxane ) Etoposide (VP-16) Doxorubicin (Adriamycin , Rubex ) Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan ) Vincristine (Oncovin ) Procarbazine (Matulane ) Prednisone (Deltasone ) Mechlorethamine (Mustargen ) Vincristine (Oncovin ) Procarbazine (Matulane ) Prednisone (Deltasone ) Mechlorethamine (Mustargen ) Vincristine (Oncovin ) Procarbazine (Matulane ) Prednisone (Deltasone ) Doxorubicin (Adriamycin , Rubex ) Bleomycin (Blenoxane ) Vinblastine (Velban , Velsar ) chemotherapy compression a, which is of chemotherapy the aborts a doses, only, which a percentage is so frequently entered in the order schedule of the cancer cells, and multiple doses are therefore necessary to try to kill all of the cancer cells. chemotherapy , how possible to minimize tumor growth, prevent the development of resistant cancer cells, and achieve the best outcome. chemotherapy normally called loops , that is, each treatment is followed by several weeks of rest and recovery during which no treatment is given. Together, each period of treatment and non-treatment is chemotherapy in loop is given the medicine normally given according to a schedule, with a defined number of days passing between each time the drugs are given. Clinical trials have determined is, how often chemotherapy to the abort the most tumor cells while minimizing side effects. The number of cycles will depend on factors such as the stage of the disease, the type of disease, the type of drugs administered, the level of response achieved, and the nature and severity of the side effects. , as chemotherapy dependent on chemotherapy the government, is given you be given should can to drugs received in pill form, as an injection, or as an intravenous drip. If you are going to receive intravenous drugs (ones that are given through a vein) for multiple cycles, sometimes your doctor may recommend having a inserted. An intravenous catheter is a device that is put into a vein to make it easier to give drugs. Catheters may be left in place temporarily or permanently.

nerve fault blood in their urine (hemorrhagic cystitis) Another cancer, including Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia and some tumors Your doctor can tell you what signs and symptoms to watch for after treatment. Knowing what long-term side effects to watch for can help you stay healthy after treatment. chemotherapy side effects : A cause of heart disease? Adjuvant therapy: Extra treatment to keep cancer from returning Cancer pain: Relief is possible chemotherapy nausea and vomiting : Prevention is best defense Cancer fatigue: Why it occurs and how , finished will become chemotherapy and hair loss : What to expect during treatment Hormone therapy: Cancer treatment for certain hormone-sensitive cancers Diarrhea: Cancer-related causes and how to cope Chemobrain: When cancer treatment disrupts your thinking and memory Gene therapy: Cancer research topic proves challenging, but promising Mouth sores: Cancer-related causes and how to metronomic chemotherapy : low dose chemotherapy for highly expanded of cancers angiogenesishibitoren : New cancer drugs stop tumor growth Monoclonal antibody drugs for cancer treatment: How they work Podcast: chemotherapy side effects which finished to expect to of No appetite? How to get the nutrition you need What to do when which does not taste anything quite